HIV-AIDS | Human Health & Disease Part 7 | Biology Class 12 | HINDI

HIV-AIDS is explained in very simple student friendly language and in HINDI. The video will help a lot scoring high in Std 12 board exam and Pre Medical Tests. Support our channel: https://p-y.tm/PM-RCzA Even a donation of Rs 100 is of great help to us to maintain our channel. Contact us for purchasing complete syllabus notes : [email protected] Class XII (Complete syllabus notes) – Rs. 200 Class XI (Complete syllabus notes) – Rs. 200 Find answers to questions asked in the video: Answer 1: No. As HIV is a retrovirus having RNA as genome, genetic information flows from RNA to DNA (the process is called reverse-transcription) and not from DNA to RNA as in case of central dogma. Answer 2: Viruses do not have their own metabolic machinery. They enter cells and use our machinery for their life processes. They have only a few biochemical mechanisms of their own. So, we can target only a few biochemical mechanisms to block viral growth. Immune System 1 Types of Immunity https://youtu.be/w6EzbzWPsQc 2 Antibodies https://youtu.be/xkLqQp5CJTE 3 Active and Passive Immunity & Types of Vaccines https://youtu.be/LEZjbIrPgiQ 4 Immune System https://youtu.be/Kd8G6YrCgxY 5 Disorders of Immune System https://youtu.be/tNZATWlNzHY 6 Symptoms and Syndrome https://youtu.be/zreGdsy-wxw 7 AIDS https://youtu.be/MT-p0amlSGs 8 Cancer https://youtu.be/Q7cuzKqiLL4 9 Malaria https://youtu.be/9wu1srjnTx4 10 Ascariasis and Filariasis https://youtu.be/3c6OWQC_OWI Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS): ü AIDS is caused by Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV) which is a retrovirus. ü It has an envelope (capsid) enclosing RNA genome. Transmission: ü Sexual contact with infected person. ü By transfusion of contaminated blood and blood products. ü By sharing infected needles as in case of intravenous drug abusers. ü From HIV infected mother to developing fetus. Note: Now a days, medicines are available which are (if) administered in time can prevent transmission of HIV from infected mother to fetus. Note: ü The macrophages continue to produce virus and in this way these act as “HIV factory”. ü Simultaneously, HIV enters TH cells, replicates and produces progeny viruses. ü The progeny viruses released in blood attack other TH cells. ü This is repeated leading to a progressive decrease in the number of TH cells in the body of infected person. AIDS: The person infected with HIV and having TH cell count below 200 mm-3 is called AIDS patient. Opportunistic infections: Due to decrease in number of TH cells the person starts suffering from infections that could have been otherwise overcome. E.g., Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium. Diagnostic tests: (i) Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA) is the test based on antigen-antibody reaction in vitro. (ii) Western blot: A positive ELISA test should be confirmed with western blot test. (iii) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a powerful technique that can detect HIV even during window period. Treatment: ü Treatment with anti-retroviral drugs is only partially effective. ü These drugs inhibit HIV replication which slows down progression of AIDS. ü These block conversion of retroviral RNA into DNA. ü The first and still the most commonly used drug to treat AIDS is AZT (Azidothymidine) or retrovir. Preventive measures: ü National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) established in 1991 and other non-government organizations (NGOs) educate people about AIDS. ü WHO has started a number of programs to prevent the spreading of HIV infection that includes: · Making blood from banks safe from HIV. · Ensuring the use of only disposable needles and syringes. · Free distribution of condoms. · Advocating safe sex and promoting regular check-ups. Concept Tutorial………empowering students with competitive aptitude #BiologyClass12 #HIV_AIDS Contents of the video: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)- 0:04 Replication of Retrovirus in Host Cell- 1:13 AIDS & Opportunistic Infections- 4:27 Transmission of HIV- 6:56 Diagnostic Tests (ELISA, Western Blot & PCR)- 9:08 Treatment of HIV- 11:07 How to prevent AIDS- 12:23 HIV/AIDS & Pregnancy- 13:17 You might find following topics useful: ELISA- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iE5KnPh6NE4 PCR- https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Polymerase+Chain+Reaction+%28PCR%29 HIV Replication & Mechanism of Anti-Retroviral Drugs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RO8MP3wMvqg HIV/AIDS: Stigma and Discrimination in the Workplace https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=40_gVVw2pKw Pregnancy and HIV: Testing and Counseling https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aWLSUowoCWo