Кропо́ткинская метро́. subway Kropotkinskaja

Кропо́ткинская» - ст_ Сокольнической линии ММ. между станциями «Библиотека имени Ленина» и «Парк культуры». Находится на территории р-на Хамовники Цао округа Москвы. открыта 15 мая 1935 г. До 8 окт 1957 г называлась «Дворец Советов». Рядом со станцией на месте снесённого в 1931 г Храма Христа Спасителя намечалось воздвигнуть грандиозный Дворец Советов. Станционный зал метро был задуман как подземный вестибюль Дворца. Строительство Дворца началось в 1939 г, но перед войной было прервано, а во время войны металлический каркас уже построенных семи этажей здания пустили на изготовление противотанковых ежей. Проект так и не был осуществлён. Позже брошенный котлован, вырытый для Дворца, был использован под плавательный бассейн «Москва», открытый в 1960 г. В 1994 г было принято решение о воссоздании храма (восстановлен и освящён к началу 2000 г), бассейн закрыт. Проектное название ст_ - «Кропоткинские ворота». Moscow metro is the main public transport in Moscow which carries 47% of the whole number of passengers. The average length of the trip is 13 kms. In 2003 Moscow metro carried 3200.6 mln. passengers which is on average 8.8 mln. passengers daily. The figure is bigger on weekdays and less on weekends. The smallest ridership is on Sundays, about 6 mln. Within the last 10 years passenger flows distribution during the day has greatly changed. The most crowded are the morning peak hours from 7 till 9 a.m. and the evening peak hours from 16 p.m. till 19 p.m. At present with the change of different organizations work hours the morning peak hours are from 7 till 10 a.m. As for the rest of the day passenger flows are practically equal. There are two peak seasons in Moscow metro during a year. The first is the end of winter - the beginning of spring and the second is the end of autumn - the beginning of winter. In summer when most citizens are on holidays the number of passengers considerably decreases especially in July and August These processes are carefully studied to timely change train schedules, number of escalators in work and other systems in operation. Nevertheless it is being more and more difficult to cope with the new challenges due to shortage of other public transport means. Five out of 11 lines (Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya, Zamoskvoretskaya, Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya, Lyublinskaya and Kalininskaya) are 1.1-1.4 times overcrowded. The amount of passengers on the most crowded sections reach 50-70 thousand passengers in the morning rush hours. The density of passenger flows during rush hours is 4.7 and on the five of the mentioned lines it reaches 5.0-6.4 passengers. The average daily load on half the stations is 50 thousand passengers. The most complicated situation is at Vykhino, Novogireevo, Rechnoy Vokzal and Yugo-Zapadnaya termini where surface transport brings passengers from areas not served by metro. Thus currently the existing metro system does not meet the city requirements. The shortage makes up 100 kms. Lack of investments brings about shortage of kms of lines put into operation every year. 2-2.5 kms is 3-4 times less the requirement. Fares and tickets In 2003 Moscow metro sold 254222 magnetic tickets, and 6 338.1 rendered services were paid by smart cards including 5 599 students and schoolchildren concessionary fares. The number of 10 and 20 trips magnetic ticket users and 90 days smart cards considerably increased. These types are the best combination of value for money and time of validity. In 2003 the number of improved booking clerk work places increased three times and made the total of 67. 21 stations were equipped with 40 vending machines. The programme involves Moscow metro, the Moscow Social registration office, The Social Protection Committee of Moscow, the Moscow city Department of Consumer Market and services, Moscow railway, Moscow Obligatory medical Insurance Company and the Municipal Bank of Moscow. This cooperation makes compensations accountable, helps control flows of money and offers our customers a friendly, efficient and improved service. In 2003 Moscow metro received 1380.2 applications for the Social Moskovite card of which 349.2 thousand were satisfied including 1168.9 thousand pensioners, 96 thousand students and 84.3 thousand schoolchildren.