Lagrangian Mechanics: How powerful is it?

Check out Brilliant for 20% off: http://brilliant.org/ScienceAsylum Is Lagrangian mechanics powerful enough to replace Newton's laws? What does the principle of least action say about cause and effect (causality)? What the heck is an action? Let's find out! ________________________________ VIDEO ANNOTATIONS/CARDS Lagrange Points: https://youtu.be/TryOFDe2K7M What the HECK is Energy? https://youtu.be/snj1wBtn6I8 Is Math the Language of the Universe? https://youtu.be/inPcQeYWVT8 ________________________________ RELATED YOUTUBE VIDEOS Up & Atom on Lagrangian Mechanics: https://youtu.be/dPxhTiiq-1A Eugene on on Lagrangian Mechanics: https://youtu.be/EceVJJGAFFI 3blue1brown on Phase Space: https://youtu.be/p_di4Zn4wz4 ________________________________ SUPPORT THE SCIENCE ASYLUM Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/ScienceAsylum Advanced Theoretical Physics (eBook): https://gumroad.com/l/ubSc Merchandise: http://shop.spreadshirt.com/scienceasylum/ ________________________________ HUGE THANK YOU TO THESE PATRONS Warden of the Asylum: YDT Asylum Counselors: Matthew O'Connor Asylum Orderlies: Daniel Bahr, William Morton, I'mKorgThisIsMiek Einsteinium Crazies: Albert B. Cannon, Eoin O'Sullivan, Tim Ruffles, LT Marshall Faulds, Ilya Yashin, Wacky Plutonium Crazies: JKLMN Anderson, Al Davis, Kevin MacLean Platinum Crazies: Fletch, Stephen Blinn, Felipe Cruz, Vittorio Monaco, Mikayla Eckel Cifrese, Evgeny Ivanov ________________________________ OTHER SOURCES http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/II_19.html https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/15899/why-the-principle-of-least-action ________________________________ LINKS TO COMMENTS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyN27R7UDnI&lc=Ugw-IgHHMslVfGQDqJt4AaABAg ________________________________ IMAGE CREDITS Lagrange: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joseph-Louis_Lagrange.jpeg https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:M%C3%A9canique_analytique.jpg Fermat: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pierre_de_Fermat.jpg ibn al-Haytham: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hevelius_Selenographia_frontispiece.png